Urban parks, post-conflict and sustainability. Case study Tunja, Colombia

Colombia, a biologically and culturally diverse country, signed a Peace Agreement in 2016, a socio-political event that impacts urban planning from a holistic perspective, emphasizing the study of public spaces as critical elements of social and environmental interaction. In Tunja (city of study), beyond the process of numbering urban parks and their area, there is no research or administrative support to guide decision-making regarding the planning of these spaces for the community's welfare, involving the concept of sustainability and its impact on the post-conflict. This article aims to diagnose the state of the urban parks of Tunja under the systemic approach of sustainability in urban thinking, analyzing the role they play as an essential part of public space to generate instruments of cohesion, memory, and repair within the dynamics of post-conflict as a multidimensional phenomenon. The exploratory methodology focused on field data collection, classification, and analysis of environmental, social, and economic variables, seeking relationships between their diagnosis and the topic of interest, the post-conflict. Consequently, a deficit in green area per capita (2,1 m2/inhabitant), vegetation, equipment, and poor social perception was evidenced; factors that act as limiting factors in the use, access, and identity of public space, thus concluding that the urban parks in Tunja are not acting as spaces that from a sustainability perspective can contribute to the process of reparation and social incorporation of victims of the armed conflict in Colombia.